Unit-I
Data communications concepts: Digital and analog transmissions-Modem, parallel and serial transmission, synchronous and asynchronous communication. Modes of communication: Simplex, half duplex, full duplex. [CO1]
Types of Networks: LAN, MAN, WAN
Network Topologies: Bus, Star, Ring, Mesh, Tree, Hybrid
Communication Channels: Wired transmissions: Telephone lines, leased lines, switch line, coaxial cables-base band, broadband, optical fiber transmission. [CO3]
Communication Switching Techniques: Circuit Switching, Message Switching, Packet Switching. [CO1]
Unit-II
Network Reference Models: OSI Reference Model, TCP/IP Reference Model, Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models.
Transmission impairments – Attenuation, Distortion, Noise. Multiplexing – Frequency division, Time division, Wavelength division. [CO2]
Data Link Layer Design Issues: Services provided to the Network Layer, Framing, Error Control (error detection and correction code), Flow Control, Data Link Layer in the Internet (SLIP, PPP) [CO2]
Unit-III
MAC sub layer: CSMA/CD/CA, IEEE standards (IEEE802.3 Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, IEEE 802.4 Token Bus, IEEE 802.5 Token Ring) [CO1]
Network Layer: Design Issues, Routing Algorithms: Optimality Principle, Shortest Path Routing, Congestion Control Policies, Leaky bucket and token bucket algorithm, Concept of Internetworking. [CO1]
Unit-IV
Transport Layer: Design issues, Elements of transport protocols – Addressing, Connection establishment and release, Flow control and buffering, Introduction to TCP/UDP protocols. [CO4]
Session, Presentation and Application Layers: Session Layer – Design issues, remote procedure call. Presentation Layer – Design issues, Data compression techniques, Cryptography. Application Layer – Distributed application (client/server, peer to peer, cloud etc.), World Wide Web (WWW), Domain Name System (DNS), E-mail, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), HTTP as an application layer protocol. [CO5]